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6th Football

6TH GRADE FOOTBALL STUDY GUIDE

TERMINOLOGY:

1. Line of scrimmage: Its an imaginary line that separates the offense from the defense, and where a new play begins.
2. Spiral: The ball spins laterally, by snapping the wrist the ball will roll off the fingers.
3. Forward pass: A pass thrown forward from behind the line of scrimmage.
4. Down: A chance for the offense to run a play to try and score a touch down.
5. Interception: Defensive player catches a forward pass.
6. Hike: Method of putting the ball into play (from the center to Quarter Back).
7. Center: Snaps the ball to the Quarterback (QB).
8. Quarterback (QB): Receives hike from center.
9. Blockers: Line up on line next to center
10. Receiver: Catches the ball thrown by a teammate.
11. Defense: The defense tries to stop the offense from scoring.
12. Offense: The offense tries to move the ball down the field to score.

RULES:

1. 4 tries (downs) for a first down or a touch down.
2. The ball is dead where it hits the ground (no live fumbles).
3. You must wear the flag belt over your shirt.
4. No flag guarding.
5. The quarterback may not run the ball unless the defender drops back into the pass zones, they can hand the ball off to a running back who can run the ball.
6. You must count 4 alligators before you rush the quarterback
7. Only one blitz per every four downs.
8. You may not leave your feet.
9. You can not rush the punt/throw-off.
10. Screen blocking only.
11. Huddle can only be 30 seconds.

PASS PATTERNS:

• Slant cutting at 2 steps
• In, Out cutting at 4 steps
• Post and Flag cutting at 5 steps
• Streak.
• Slant, In, Curl In and Post patterns cut in front of the quarterback and Out, Curl Out and Flag patterns cut away from the quarterback.
  

6th Soccer

6TH GRADE SOCCER STUDY GUIDE

Responsibilities: Offense: The team that is trying to score Defense: The team trying to prevent the score

The basics:

1. Trapping: Stopping and bringing the ball under control close to your body
2. Dribbling: Moving the ball 3-5 feet around you by making short kicks
3. Passing: Moving the ball to a team-mate
4. Tackling: Taking the ball from an opponent
5. Ball control: Keeping the ball within your reach and away from an opponent

Out of bounds:

1. Throw-in: Taken by the other team when the ball is kicked over the sideline.
2. Corner kick: Taken when the defense kicks the ball out over the goal line
3. Goal kick: Taken when the ball is kicked by the offense out over the goal line but not through the goal. Goalie can place the ball on the goalie box line anywhere on the side that the ball went out of bounds

Goal area:

1. Goal area: Goalie may use hands in this area. This is also the place that the defense takes the kick after the ball goes out over the goal line by the offense
2. Penalty area: Area where the goalie privileges are still in effect
3. Goal privilege: punting the soccer ball
4. Goalie may not pick-up a past ball from a teammate

Starting the game and goals:

1. Starting the game, and restarting after a goal: Kickoff
2. A score is called a goal

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6th Basketball

6TH GRADE BASKETBALL STUDY GUIDE

Rules, strategy and positions sheet   3 on 3 / 4 on 4 basketball Check ball at top of key Offense or defense calls fouls-no contesting a call No traveling or double dribbling Beginners, no stealing the ball unless opponent is in the key

Strategy

1. Set screens
2. Move to the open area of the court
3. Always move on offense
4. Offense should stay spread out, slice through the key occasionally
5. Defender always stays between the opponent and the basket

Traveling:

1. When the offensive player holds onto the ball and takes more than 2 steps without dribbling
2. When a player in possession of the ball moves their pivot foot without dribbling

Double dribble:

1. When the offensive player dribbles with both hands at the same time
2. When the offensive player stops their dribble and then starts to dribble again

Set Shot:

1. Set Shot Critical Elements

Dribble:

1. Dribble Critical Elements

Lay-Ins

1. Lay-ins Critical Elements

Screens:

1. Screens Critical Elements

GAME PLAY

Positions:

1. Forwards play closer to the baseline
2. Centers play more in the center of the court
3. Guards play up top and usually dribble and pass the ball more

Plays:

1. Guard to guard screen and Forward to guard screen:
   • Setting a block for a teammate with or without the ball

Defense:

1. Stay between your person and the basket
2. Be in good defensive position

• Bend knees for balance and to be able to move from side to side quickly
• Hands up
• Never cross your feet, shuffle
• Keep one eye on the ball and one eye on your person
• If the person your covering is farther from the basket, give them some extra room

Violations:

1. A violation is an infraction of the rules
2. Examples: Traveling, stepping out of bounds with the ball, intentionally kicking ball, over the half court line and back, double dribble, standing too close on a screen.
   • Three Second Rule:  An offensive player staying in the key for more than 3 seconds.  The key being the area from the free throw line to the base line, and from each "block" area-that rectangle is the "Key" area.

Fouls:

1. These are more physical types of foul,.  where pressure is applied to contact
2. Examples: Pushing, tripping, charging, throwing elbows, hitting a shooters shooting hand, reaching in from behind or side with contact.

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6th Badminton

6TH GRADE BADMINTON STUDY GUIDE

RULES AND STRATEGY

FAULTS:

• During the game:
  1. Contacting the bird before it crosses the net
  2. Touching the net with the racket, person or clothes
  3. Hitting the shuttle more than once in succession on a side
  4. Carrying the shuttle on the racket-not a direct hit
  5. Incorrect partner returning the serve-doubles game
  6. Bird touching clothes or player
     
• During the serve:
  1. Contacting the shuttle above the waist
  2. Holding the racket head above the waist
  3. Feet not in the correct service court
  4. Shuttle does not fall in the correct service court
  5. Player making feinting movements on the serve or the return

LEGAL PLAYS:

1. Hitting the shuttle on the wood of the racket
2. Hitting the net with the shuttle
3. Racket following through over the net after the shot
4. Lines are considered in bounds
5. Missing the shuttle all together on the serve-receive another attempt

SERVING:  The player or team that wins the game always serves first in the next game

• Singles:
  • Serve from the right court when the server's score is an even number
•  
• Doubles:
  • Begin the game serving from the right court. During the game and the score is even, partners should be in the courts (right or left service court) in which they began the game. When the team's score is an odd number, their court positions should be reversed.
  • First inning only one partner gets to serve.
  • All other inning both partners serve.
  • The person on the right side always serves first.
  • Switch sides with your partner only after you have scored a point

SCORING:

• You and your team can only win points when you are serving
• Set game at 7 or 11 points

OPTIONS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE GAME:

1. Choosing to serve first
2. Choosing not to serve first
3. Choosing ends of the court

DOUBLES PLAY:

1. Side by side
   • Each person is responsible for their half of the court
   • Basic position is the middle of your own half
   • Middle shots - right handed person takes it
   • Less confusion - know own area to cover
     • disadvantages - can tire person, can launch attack at the weaker player, and net and deep shots

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Stretches Study Guide

STRETCH STUDY GUIDE

Our Stretches:

I.  Shoulders:  Located where the collarbone (clavicle) meets the tip of the should bone (acromion).

Arm Across Chest

Scoot Your Tootsie Stretch

Arm Over Head

II.  Back:  Located on the back of your body, underneath your head.

Seal Stretch

Can opener/jack knife

III.  Abdominal:  Your abdominal, commonly called abs, consists of several muscle groups, all located in the midsection, just below your chest to your pelvic bone - belly button area.

Opposites

IV.  Groin Stretch: Located where the torso meets the leg.

V.  Hip: Located at the widest part of your buttocks.

  Butterfly                                                       Sock Sniffer

VI. Quad: Located on the front of the thigh.

Lunge                                                           One Legged Superman

VII. Hamstring stretch:  Located at the back of the thigh.

Toe Toucher                        Straddle Toe Toucher                        Reverse Hurdler

VIII. Hamstring stretch

• Reverse hurdler stretch
• Feet spread and touch toes
• Feet together and touch toes
  

IX. Illiactibial band: The IT Band is the band of tendons that runs from your hip area all the way down your leg and connects right below your knee

Right foot over                        Model pose                          On back pull leg over body

X. Gastrocnemius stretch: The large muscles at the top of the calf.

Push-up Stretch                                       Foot up on wall           Foot away from wall 

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Track

Long jump

• Approach---Run should be an acceleration with the last few strides a maintaining of the sprint. Check marks are used to prevent chopping the stride and scratching.

• Take-off---Similar take-off as the high jump. The next to last stride is a longer or settling stride preparing for the gather or lift. The last stride is shorter and the take-off foot hits in a heel to toe action. The free leg drives up so the upper thigh is parallel the ground.

• Flight---try and achieve a 45 degree angle at take-off
  1. Hitch Kick---A running action in the air
  2. Hang---Hips forward, arms and legs back
  3. Sail---Legs are tucked up under the body for flight
• Landing---Good leg extension is important. Its also important for the arms to drive forward
  1. Rear end between the feet
  2. Rear end to the side

Blocks

• "Runners to your mark"
  1. Hands side ways at starting line
  2. Stronger foot forward (take-off foot in L.J.)
  3. Opposite knee by foot
  4. Head up and eyes looking forward about 2 feet
• "Set"
  1. Rear end raises up, butt is a little higher then shoulders
  2. Head up and eyes looking forward about 2 feet
• "GO"
  1. Stay low coming out of blocks
  2. Slowly raise to a standing position

Softball throw

• 1. Approach---use a strong run-up
  1. Cross step
  2. Crow Hop
• Throw
  1. Angle should be 45 degree angle
  2. Throw early enough so you don't cross the scratch line on follow through
• Follow Through

100 dash

• Keep body ( arms, hands, jaw and shoulders) loose
• Explosion under foot driving knee up
• Grab track and pull it by you
• All body parts ( Knees, arms, head, etc.) aim straight down track
• Sprinter drives through the finish line

Discus

• Grip
  1. Hold discuss so just the last digits of fingers are seen over the discuss, can't see the thumb though
• Throw
  1. Start out facing away from the direction of the throw
  2. Same foot forward as the hand with the discus
  3. Start out low with the knees bent
  4. TORQUE - Rotate the ankles, knees, waist, chest, and finally the arm in an upward 45 degree angle
  5. Head and chest face upward at the time of release
  6. Discus is released out of the front of the hand

Shot technique

• Grip
  1. Shot sets in the fingers (Basket like)
  2. Shot is placed on the neck under the jaw bone underneath the ear
• Throw
  1. Hold shot put in finger tips under chin
  2. Stay low while driving across ring or while using the torque technique
  3. Explode up with the legs during release
  4. Elbow stays out during the put
  5. Shot is put, not thrown
  6. From a standing up position, dip down and turn and lean backwards as non-throwing hand touches show farthest away form throwing direction, causing a torque motion
  7. Drive up in a forward and 45 degree motion driving non throwing arm up forcefully
  8. Legs drive forcefully up while body TORQUES, releasing discuss at a 45 degree angle
     • Shot technique---Slide
       1. Grip---Shot sets in the fingers (Basket like)
       2. Placement of shot is on the neck under the jaw bone underneath the ear
       3. Starting position is standing sideways about 1 yard from scratch line
       4. Slide across the area using a forceful side step staying low and leaning back
       5. Drive up using the back leg and torque at the waist
       6. Shot is released at a 45 degree angle
• 220 yard dash
  1. Stay relaxed
  2. Start quick, glide, sprint
  3. Finish hard through finish line

   

• Fosbury Flop style
  • Run Up
    1. Right side verses left side3-5 steps straight and 3-5 on a (J) curve
    2. An accumulation of speed is critical
    3. Last stride is longer and body lowers
  • Plant/Take-off of Flop
    1. Outside leg plants parallel to pit arms length away
    2. Inside leg drives up parallel to floor and stops
    3. Arms drive up forcefully to shoulders and stop, causing a blocking action
    4. During take-off, jumper looks over inside shoulder
  • Bar clearance
    1. Jumper should go up before laying back 2. Previous action causes body to rotate onto back
    2. Back arches and butt raises as it clears the bar
    3. On bar clearance, hands extend to thighs, this action brings the elbows out of the way of the bar

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Target Heart Rate

1. What is the heart?  =  Muscle
2. How is your heart stimulated?  =    Electrically by the SA node in the heart 
3. How long must you exercise before you begin to condition your heart?  =  15 minutes
4. What two things are carries to the cells by the blood?  =   Oxygen and nutrients
5. When counting your pulse, what number do you begin?  =  Zero
6. How do you calculate your Maximum Heart Rate?  =  220 -  your age = maximum heart rate (MHR)
7. An untrained athlete should work out at what percentage of their maximum heart rate?  =  70 %
8. A young person in adequate health should work out at what percentage of their maximum heart rate?  =  80%
9. A professional or collegiate athlete should work out at what percentage of their maximum heart rate?  =   90%
10. What two places can you use to find your heart rate?  =  Radial and carotid artery.

Important Terms:

·        Aerobic Activity: activity that uses oxygen for 15 minutes of more

a.       Example:  running, biking, basketball, swimming, power walking, cross country skiing

·        Anaerobic Activity: activity that does not use oxygen

a.       Example:  Weight lifting, football, golf, sprints

·        Conditioned Heart Concept:  The conditioned heart pumps harder with more blood volume being delivered and thus can pump much slower.

·        Unconditioned heart Concept:  This heart does not pump hard so it must pump much faster.

·        Conclusion about the heart:  A fast beating heart will wear out sooner than a conditioned slow beating heart.

·        Cardiovascular means heart and vessels.

·        Take your heart rate for 6 seconds and add a zero.

AGE

               10 through 13       

 60%            130

 70%             150

 80%             170

Advanced method of finding your target heart rate:

Step 1:

Step 2:

Step 3:

Target Ceiling Rate

Step 4:

Step 5:

Step 6:

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